Questionnaire

I have attached a blank and filled in copy of my Questionnaire below. 

I have also produced graphs of some results from my questionnaire:

Blank                                                                                  Filled 

Graphs:

Introduction to Questionnaire

For my primary research I set out by creating a questionnaire regarding relevant information of my audience. In my questionnaire I've included specific questions that are directed to my target audience. This will allow me to gather both information and get an idea of the different features of my audience, such as the age group. By creating this questionnaire, it will also allow me to find the elements of radio people like the most. Lastly, by creating a questionnaire it will enable me to make a judgment on what my audience like most about radio, and apply these features to my station. 

Research Analysis - Audience

In this post I will be analysing the different ways in which I can gather research about my target audience. This consists of primary and secondary research. By me examining and understanding the different types of research, it will allow me to have a clear understanding about who my target audience are. Throughout my blog I will use a mixture of both Primary and Secondary research in order to produce more reliable and higher quality market research.

Primary research consists of information that has not yet been collected. This involves me gathering and collecting my own research.  The most common and effective example of primary research, would the creating of my own questionnaire. This is because I would be getting a direct opinion of my audience based exactly on the things that I want to find out. Another example of a primary piece of research would be conducting a focus group. This is when a group of people come together and suggest some ideas, discussing things like the name of my station and the kinds of news stories that my audience might want to hear. 

Secondary research involves analysing and using research that has already been conducted by someone else. An example of a piece of secondary research would be research found on 'OFCOM' regarding audience figures or looking online at sites such as Rajar or Wikipedia, to analyse information they have gathered about certain radio stations and their audiences.  

Similarities and Differences Of Drivetime Bulletins

Having evaluated both radio stations I am going to note down the similarities and differences.

Similarity's:


When analysing both radio stations I noticed that both bulletins contained the same news stories. Both Magic and Radio 2 included the news stories about Prince George, Stuart Hall, David Cameron, London Statistics and the Great British Bake Off.

A similarity of both bulletins is the number of news stories - both radio stations included  a total of five news stories in their bulletin.

An additional similarity is the running order. Both bulletins had the same running order of the news stories. Magic and Radio 2 positioned their news stories in the same order as each other, which may suggest either that they have a similar audience or that it was a slow news day.

Another similarity, is the news values used in each story.

Differences 

One difference came across from both bulletins is the level of detail used in each. Magic contained a lot more detail in comparison to the detail in the Radio 2 news stories. This may suggest that Magic is targeting a slightly different audience to Radio 2, or that the news will be covered in more detail on Radio 2 in an earlier or later bulletin.

Analysis of BBC Radio 2 - Drivetime

BBC Radio 2  was established in in 1967. Their target audience is focused at a broad audience, appealing to both genders over 35. BBC Radio 2 offers entertaining popular music programmes and speech-based content including news, current affairs and documentaries.




The order of the stories were:

1) The first story was about the Christening of Prince George, who is now third in line to the throne.
2) The Second story was about former broadcaster Stuart Hall had been charged with sixteen sexual offences.
3) The third story was about the Prime Minister David Cameron who is trying to ease the cost of green charges on our energy bills.
4) The fourth story was statistic based on the anxiety and satisfaction levels of Londoners.
5) The fifth story was about the Great British Bake Off and how they experienced their largest amount of viewers for their show.


What News Facts Radio 2 Focuses On?

1) The first news story contained three facts, the first fact being that Prince George was christened. The second fact was that he was baptised by the Archbishop of Canterbury. The last fact was the location where he was baptised, Saint James' Palace.
2) The second news story contained the number of sexual acts Stuart Hall committed.
3) The third news story a figure of how much green costs are adding to the average annual bill.
4) The forth news story contained a number of statistics.
5) The fifth news story the number of people who tuned in to the Great British Bake Off.

What were the News Values: 

Story 1
Immediacy - It happened yesterday.
Familiarity - It took place in the capital of England, that is London.
Amplitude - This story had large amplitude, as it involved the Royal Family.
Elite People - Involved the Royal Family.
Story 2 
Immediacy - This News is "Breaking News".
Amplitude  - Iconic man, who was watched by young children.
Negativity   - Involved sexual acts.
Elite People - Involved iconic presenter.
Story 3 
Immediacy - This event took place yesterday.
Amplitude - Involves all the citizens of Great Britain.
Impact - Can effect all the citizens of Britain.
Elite People - Involves the Prime Minister, David Cameron.
Story 4 
Familiarity - This event refers to people living in Great Britain.
Amplitude - Involves all citizens of London.
Impact - Story has a large impact of people living in London.
Story 5 
Amplitude - Involves British Bakers.

Below I have included a link to the Radio 2 Drivetime show.

Radio 2 - Drive Time

Analysis of Magic - Drivetime

Magic radio station was established in 1995.       Their target audience is focused at mothers aging between 30 to 50 years of age. This is shown through the genre of the music played on the radio station.




The order of the stories were:

1) The first story focused on the Christening of Prince George that took place at a chapel in Saint James' Palace. The Prince who is third in line to the throne was was baptized by the Archbishop of Canterbury.
2) The Second story stated the news article as BREAKING NEWS. It focused on a former broadcaster Stuart Hall who has been charged with sixteen sexual offences. The 83 year old was questioned this morning.
3) The third story focused on how the Prime Minister wants the green charges on our energy bills rolled back to help ease the cost of living. David Cameron said that household charges have reached unacceptable levels, with green taxes adding around £112 to the average annual bill.
4) The forth news story was a statistic gathered by the Office of National Statistics who said, one in five Londoners apparently has high anxiety levels, meanwhile those living in inner London have the lowest life satisfaction levels in the whole country.
5) The focal point of the fifth story was the TV show The Great British Bake Off taking a record of the most amount of viewers.


What News Facts Magic Focuses On?

News story 1 - contained these news facts, first being the location where the Prince was
Christened. The second fact was that he was third in line to the throne. The news story also contained an outside broadcast.
News story 2 - Story two included the number of sexual offences. The story also included that the CPS says that he has now been  charged with 15 offences of rape related to two girls, and one charge of assault.
News Story 3 - Green taxes add around £112 to the average annual bill.
News story 4 - This article contained no facts, it focused on statistics.
News Story 5 -  The show recorded an average of 8.4 million viewers. This was the show's highest ever ratings.

What were the News Values: 

Story 1
Immediacy - This news is breaking as it happened today.
Familiarity - It took place in London.
Amplitude - Involved the royal family
Impact - George will be third in line to the throne.
Elite People - Involves the royal family.
Personalisation - George was christened.
Story 2  
Immediacy - This article is a 'breaking news' story
Amplitude - Involves large amounts of people
Surprise - He was a children's presenter.
Negativity - Negative impact.
Story 3 
Amplitude - Involved all the citizens of London.
Familiarity - Took place within London.
Impact - people will feel threatened
Elite people - David Cameron

Story 4 

Familiarity - Within London  
Impact - Has an impact on Londoners lives.

Below I have included a link to the Magic Drivetime show.

Magic - Drivetime

Introduction To The Comparison Of Two Drive Time Shows

After researching the comparison of two Breakfast Shows that took place at the same time of day and on the same day, and comparing the ways in which the news stories were presented, I wanted to explore how news stories are presented in more detail, so I decided to carry this investigation out again, however looking at the Drivetime show. When carrying out this investigation, I noticed these shows tend to be on air between the hours of 4 or 5 till 7.

Similarities and Differences of Breakfast Bulletins

Having evaluated both radio stations I am going to note down the similarities and differences.

Similarities:

When analysing both radio stations I noticed that both news bulletins contained the 5W'S in all of their news stories. In addition, both TalkSport and Kiss 100 had some news stories that were included in both bulletins. Both radio stations included an in depth review on the FBI and Scottish Racing Driver news stories. The last similarity is that both bulletins included a variety of the same news values in the matching articles.

Differences:

When analysing both news bulletins I noticed that there was a difference in the the types of stories presented. As some news stories in both bulletins may have been similar, there are also some stories that are not included in both bulletins. An example of this would be KISS 100 FM including the news story of "a women who was charged with the causing or allowing of the death of a child".

In addition, the running order of stories were different to both radio stations. TalkSport ranked the FBI agency among the last of the news stories, whereas, Kiss 100 ranked the story second among all the news stories. This may be due to the target audience of the radio station. For example, Kiss 100 have ranked this story high as it is a concern to the citizens of the UK. However, TalkSport which is also situated in the UK has ranked it lower as their target audience is more interested into sport. This is shown clearly as the first News story is a sport story.

TalkSport - Breakfast Show

TalkSport radio station was established in 1995. Their target audience is sport enthusiasts who keep want daily updates on the latest sport stories. This is shown through the layout, guests and stories in the news bulletins (there is a separate sports news section). An example of the most talked about topics on TalkSport is football.TalkSport is a global audio partner of the Premier League, meaning they have live coverage of many of the league games.

The order of the stories were:

1) The first story was about one Spurs supporter who had been arrested, another cautioned after chanting at the West Ham match at half time, fans ignored a warning. They risk prosecution for using the 'Y' word.
2) The second story was on a Scottish racing driver 'Dario Franchitti' who is in hospital with broken bones and concussion after a crash, which also injured spectators. This was at the Indy car event in Houston.
3) Story three was based on how Buckingham Palace is hosting its first ever football match, in the gardens this afternoon. It's part of the 150th Anniversary of the FA.
4) Story four focused on the head of the national crime agency who is warning criminals that there is no one beyond the reach of this new organisation. The agency nicknamed 'Britain's FBI' is set to tackle serious crime involving an estimated 37,000 criminals. Includes a soundbite of the head of the FBI.

What News Facts Talk Sport Focuses On?

1) The first news story contained two facts, the arrest of a spurs supporter and the reasoning behind the arrest.
2) The second news story contained the injury's of the racing driver.
3) The third story contained when the event took place and the reason for the event.
4) The forth story included the number of criminals the agency is estimated to tackle.


What the News Values: 

Story 1
Immediacy - It happened yesterday.
Familiarity - In West Ham
Predictability - Predictable, as teams have rivalry
Scandal - Spurs fans will get provoked, controversial topic
Story 2 
Immediacy - It happened yesterday
Familiarity - Not in London
Amplitude - Was not a big event which involved a lot of people
Negativity - Racer was injured during the race
Story  3
Immediacy - Happened this afternoon.
Familiarity - In London and one of the most popular monuments of London
Elite People - Involves the Royal Family
Story 4
Impact - Have a profound impact as it will effect the whole of Britain.
Predictability - This story was not a predictable story to occur.
Immediacy -  This happened yesterday.
Amplitude -  This story involves the whole of Britain.

Sports update
Arsenal top of the premier league on goals scored after a 1-1 draw at West Brom yesterday. Jack Wilshire put a difficult week behind him, but the Gunners equalized

This is a link to TalkSport Breakfast Show.

Talks Sport Breakfast Show

Kiss 100 FM - Breakfast Show

Kiss 100 UK radio station was established in 1990. Their target audience is the youngsters of today, this is shown through the genre of music played on the station. An example of music played on Kiss is the UK Top 40 singles as well as the new releases. They promote more music and less talking. It targets a very particular niche audience and manages to satisfy their audience.

The order of the stories were:

1)  The first story focused on a woman who was charged with the causing or allowing of the death of a child. This type of news story is crime.
2)  The second news story focal point was the British answer to the FBI. This news story also is based on crime.
3) The third news story focused on the overall results of the Premier League, including the positions and results of teams.
4) The last news story was an entertainment story, focusing on elite people. Kim Kardasian is the focal point of this story as Kim's mum is talking to about her boyfriend Kanye West, and her admiration of him.


What News Facts Kiss focuses on: 

1)  The first news story had several facts, the first fact was that the Woman was 'aged 18'. The story also states that she is from 'Bow East London'. In addition, the story also mentioned that she will appear at Thames Magistrates Court later this morning.

2) News story two contained a fact of how much money the FBI had in their budget, this was a budget of half a billion pounds a year. 

3) The third article contained facts on the score and positions of the current games. It focussed on the Arsenal -West Bromwich match, and the Chelsea -Norwich game.

4) Kim Kardasian's mum was found tweeting, saying the interview changed what they thought of him. Kim Kardasian's mum was on Kris Jenner show.

What the New Values are:

Story 1
Immediacy - It happened yesterday.
Familiarity - It's in the UK.
Negativity - It has elements that are bad to hear.
Impact - This will have a profound impact as it is the death of children.
Conflict - This story describes a death
Story 2
Impact - Have a profound impact as it will effect the whole of Britain.
Surprise - This story was not a predictable story to occur.
Immediacy -  This happened yesterday.
Amplitude -  This story involves the whole of Britain.
Story 3
Immediacy - Happened yesterday
Familiarity -Following UK football teams.
Amplitude - Involves all football fans.
Story 4
Elite People -Kim Kardasian
Amplitude - Low amplitude, only fans will care - BUT, THE SHOWS TARGET AUDIENCE MAY WELL BE FANS
Immediacy - Happened Yesterday

Below is a link to the Kiss 100 Breakfast Show.

Kiss 100 Breakfast Show

Introduction to the Comparison of Two Breakfast Shows (Radio)

I decided to look at two different genre's of radio stations and look at their Breakfast Shows to see how they present their news stories. I carried this investigation out at the same time of the day to see if the stories were the same and if they appeared in the same order (or focused on the same facts). I analysed the running order, facts and news values of each news story - with the aim of seeing of the genre of station and the target audience helps dictate the type and order of the stories.

News Stories, News Values and the 5Ws - Conclusion

When carrying out my research into Local and National News I noticed both Differences and Similarities to how the news is presented. In this post I am going to explain the major differences I came upon when researching.

When exploring the way in which Local stories are presented I noticed that they do not all contain the 5W's. Whereas all National News stories I looked at did. This may be due to the fact that national news needs to be more direct to the people it tries to connect with and give them as much information as possible, as they may be discussing an area that the readers are not familiar with.

An additional comparison I cam across in my research was related to the News Values the two types of stories use. For example, Local News stories do not use as many of the News Values to justify a story's inclusion - they have less news to choose from so may not select the news in the same way. Familiarity is particularly important in local news as the stories are often directly related to the local area, and many of these stories would never make the national news. On this basis, I am going to make sure that all of the stories that I write have direct relevance to the listeners in my local area.

When analyzing the two different types of news, I noticed that National News often targets recent affairs abroad, whereas Local News targets the niche interest of small areas.

Local News Article 5

Local News Article 5 is taken from the 'Get Bucks' local newspaper in Amersham. This local article contains a lot of News Values, starting with the direct use of 'Conflict' as Bucks Campaigners argue that the proposed project is too expensive and will destroy the Chiltern Countryside. This local article contains the element of "Elite People" as it is centered around David Cameron the Prime Minister of England. In addition this brings the News Value of surprise as it is unusual for such a powerful individual to visit such a small region of the countryside. This article has the value of "Personalisation", as this local story will concern the users and local residents situated near the M1. There is negativity for residents of the local area, and familiarity and impact (as well as amplitude) as the decision may affect a large number of people.

Local News Article 4

Local News Article 4 is focused on a man who is being charged with the death of a local 42 year old from Barnet. This article has 'Immediacy', due to the fact that it was published recently after the event. This event contains 'Familiarity' as it is geographically close to Hendon. However, this article does not have a lot of amplitude as it does not involve a large amount of people. This Local article contains a large amount of 'Negativity' as the whole article is based around the death of a 42 year old women (and is therefore also a human interest story that contains a degree of conflict and impact, as local residents may feel threatened).

Local News Article 3

Local News Article 3 contains the following news values:
Familiarity - it involves a crime in the local area
Conflict - it involved a stabbing and people may disagree with the judge's verdict/decision
Continuity - the judge's decision is breaking news but the story of the crime has been reported before
Negativity - the story involves a stabbing and the judge's decision is one that people may feel is wrong

Local News Article 2

Local News Article 2 - was taken form the Hendon and Finchley Times. This article is about Anthony Joshua and his first boxing victory in the O2 Centre. It starts with a direct use of 'Familiarity' as the story takes place in London and the boxer is British (Hendon/Finchley are in London). In some ways Anthony Joshua is an elite person as he won a Gold Medal for Great Britain in the Olympics. This Local article contains 'Immediacy' as it was published on the night of the event. However, in comparison to a National Article this Local Article has no elements of 'Personalisation' (it is not a human interest story) nor a large impact on the reader - this may be due to the fact that this article is targeted at a small population of people (boxing fans). It probably only features so prominently in the newspaper because the boxer is from the local area.

Local News Article 1

Local News Article 1 is taken from the "Hendon and Finchley Times", a local newspaper. This article is based on the standstill of a local recycling centre and will only really be of interest to residents of the area. In comparison to news articles from the BBC, this article does not have a large 'Amplitude' as it only refers to residents of Hendon and Finchley (though it may have a large impact upon them). Additionally the 'Impact' of this article would not be so big, as once again it only effects people in the region of Hendon/Finchley. This story does not contain any elite people, though does contain the news values familiarity and negativity.

Analysing Local News Stories

After researching and analysing National News stories by identifying their 5W'S and making rough notes on some of the news values, I am going to do the same with Local News Stories. I am doing this to investigate if Local news stories have the same factors as national news stories - this is important as I am going to be creating a local radio station and I need to make sure that my stories use the news values that are found in stories that target a local audience.

National News Story 6

This is Article 6. This article is taken from the BBC News website, the sport section. In this Article there is an automatic use of the News Value of "Elite People". The event mentioned in the article took place a day before the article was published (immediacy). It brings balance, as it is a good news story and contains the news value predictability as "Rafael Nadal" is known to be the best at his sport.

National News Story 5

This News Article is taken from the BBC News website. It catches the eye of the reader as it uses negativity as a News Value. It has quite a large amplitude as it effects the World Cup which will be watched by millions of viewers and is a huge global event. In addition this will also have the New Value of 'Impact' as it will have a profound impact on the World Cup and the supporters going. The situation has been going on for quite a while (Continuity) and there have been frequent reports that the building of the stadia is behind schedule.

National News Story 4

News Story 4 was taken from the BBC website. This article is about the increase of the pass rate in phonics tests in state schools. There has been a 11% increase in the last year. This News Article contains the News Value of 'immediacy' - the information was released today. As the article is talking about state schools that are based in Great Britain, there is also the News Value of 'Familiarity'. This article does contain the news value of amplitude as it applies to all students in Great Britain who attend state schools (of a certain age). In addition, this Article also has a large impact. This article does not have a negative impact on the reader but a positive one, offering balance to the more negative stories often found in the news, by emphasising the achievements of state schools.

National News Story 3

News Story 3 comes from the BBC News online site. The article is about a four year old boy called 'Hamzah Khan' who was killed by his mother. There is a direct link to the News Value of 'conflict' as the child's mother was guilty of killing her son. This article is an ongoing story (continuity) having been reported weeks earlier (this part of the story focuses on the trial rather than the killing itself). It is a human interest story (personalisation) as it involves the death of a young child. This story contains the news value surprise, as it is not a common situation.

National News Story 2

New Story 2 comes from the BBC news website, the sport section. This article is about Joe Hart who has the full backing of Roy Hodgson despite recent blunders in goal. This story has 'Immediacy' as it happened a day before the article was released. This article also as the News Value of 'Familiarity as it took place within the United Kingdom. There is amplitude as the event was part of the Champions League which is viewed by a large amount of people (football is the largest sport in the UK, and the majority of English football fans follow England's fortunes). This article focuses on an elite person (Joe Hart).

National News Story 1

News Story 1 comes from the BBC website.

This news article is about Berlusconi, who is the Italian Primeminister. He has recently made a "u-turn" in behaviour. He has promised to topple the government by withdrawing his party's support. This move promoted his Senate vote. This is definitely contains immediacy as it Breaking News and this helped it shoot straight up to the top of the agenda. This news article also shows importance as it is on thew top of the BBC News channel. This story is also very popular as World Politics is important, even to those in the UK - this story contains amplitude. However, this news story is not a predictable news story, and therefore contains the news value surprise. Lastly, it is definitely not a negative story, as this is going to have a positive effect on the Italian Government,

Introduction to my News Articles

I carried out investigation in 6 or 7 online News Stories in a variety of different online news websites. I explored the News Values in both Local and National news stories. I annotated each individual article and indicated where the 5W's are in the article. Some of the articles so not contain all the 5W's, this may be due to the fact that it may be a local article. In the process of exploring a wide range of News Articles I focused on a variety of genres, such as Disaster, Celebrities, Education and Sport articles.

News Values

News Values are a way of determining which stories are most important and which stories should be chosen to be listened to by the audience on the radio. As there is not much time on the Radio to present the news in comparison to Television News Shows, radio stations have to be selective with the stories they pick. They have to be relevant to their particular audience. This is why News Values are very important so the production team can differentiate between what news stories are more valuable to their target audience.

The New Values consist of:
Immediacy - Has it happened recently? Is it "Breaking News"?
Familiarity - Is it culturally or geographically close to the listener in the UK or their specific region?
Amplitude  - Is it a big event which involves a large amount of people?                                             Frequency  - Does the event happen often?
Impact - Does the story have a profound impact on us?
Predictability - Did we expect the event to occur?
Surprise - Is it an unusual, unexpected event?
Continuity - Is it part of an ongoing story?
Conflict - Does the story contain drama in describing disagreements, arguments, fights or battles between two organisations or individuals?
Elite People - Does the story concern well known people, such as celebrities or people in the public eye?
Personalisation - Is it a human interest story?
Negativity - Does the news have a negative impact? 
Scandal - Is the story likely to provoke moral outage?
Balance - Does the story balance out the other negative stories?

The Five W's

The most efficient way to define any news story is to describe them in the from of the 5W's. Journalist uses this formula to unsure they are getting the full story.

The 5W's consist of:

Who did the story happen too?
What is it about?
Where did it take place?
When did it take place?
Why did it happen?
How did it happen?

When I next research a news's story I will ensure that I sure this formula of the 5W's as it will help me guarantee the story will consist of the main elements views are looking for.

Here is a story from the BBC that I have analysed using the 5W's.

Teachers Strike Over Pensions

Who - Teacher
What - Striking over pay and pensions
Where - Took place in Sheffield, Birmingham and Cambridge
When - 1st of October 2013
Why - To get an increase in pay an pension.
How - Protesting in the two biggest teaching unions.